Botanical identity
A common low-growing herb used in external preparations and food.
KingdomPlantae
Phylum / divisionTracheophyta
ClassMagnoliopsida
OrderLamiales
FamilyPlantaginaceae
GenusPlantago
Scientific name with authorshipPlantago major L.
Curated parts indexedLeaves
Indexed scientific synonyms
Plantago adriatica CampanaPlantago altissima Loisel.Plantago angustata SchurPlantago borysthenica (Rogow.) Wissjul.Plantago bracteata MoenchPlantago compressiscapa OpizPlantago crenata BlancoPlantago dentata MazziariPlantago dilatata OpizPlantago dostalii DominPlantago dregeana C.PreslPlantago dregeana Decne.Plantago exaltata Hornem.Plantago fonticola Kom.Plantago gigas H.Lév.Plantago gouanii J.F.Gmel.Plantago gracilis Schult. & Schult.fil.Plantago humifusa Bernh.Plantago humifusa Bernh. ex Rchb.Plantago jehohlensis Koidz.Plantago jepohlensis Koidz.Plantago laciniosa DominPlantago latifolia L.Plantago latifolia Salisb.Plantago limosa Kit.Plantago limosa Kit. ex Roem. & Schult.Plantago limosa Kit. ex SlobodaPlantago longiscapa Jacquem.Plantago longiscapa Jacquem. ex Decne.Plantago loureiroi Roem. & Schult.Plantago majo subsp. fma L.Plantago major Lour.Plantago major f. bifida BolzonPlantago major f. bracteata (Moench) HayekPlantago major f. brevipedicellata (Pilg.) Pilg.Plantago major f. crispa (Bubela ex Formánek) DominPlantago major f. dilatata (Opiz) DominPlantago major f. dostalii (Domin) TacikPlantago major f. dura (Pilg.) DominPlantago major f. erecta Pilg.Plantago major f. lancifolia LepagePlantago major f. latissima Pilg.Plantago major f. majorPlantago major f. maxima (Schltdl.) DominPlantago major f. megasperma (Domin) TacikPlantago major f. megastachya DominPlantago major f. minima (DC.) DominPlantago major f. minima (DC.) Vollm.Plantago major f. minor Pilg.Plantago major f. nervata A.T.SzabóPlantago major f. ovata Pilg.Plantago major f. pleiosperma DominPlantago major f. pygmaea StefánssonPlantago major f. rocae (Lorentz) Pilg.Plantago major f. rotundata Pilg.Plantago major f. scopulorum (Fr. & Broberg) Pilg.Plantago major f. sinuata (Lam.) Bég., 1903Plantago major f. sinuata (Lam.) Pilg.Plantago major f. vulgaris Pilg.Plantago major subsp. asiaticaPlantago major subsp. dostalii (Domin) DostálPlantago major subsp. gigas (H.Lév.) H.Lév.Plantago major subsp. kimurae Yamam.Plantago major subsp. pachyphylla PilgerPlantago major subsp. pachystachya (Ces.) Arcang.Plantago major subsp. pilgeri DominPlantago major subsp. rigidifolia Ces.Plantago major subsp. rigidifolia Ces. ex Arcang.Plantago major subsp. sinuata (Lam.) Peruzzi & N.G.Passal.Plantago major var. agrestis Fr.Plantago major var. altissima Fr. & BrobergPlantago major var. angustata DominPlantago major var. angustifolia Guss.Plantago major var. angustissima Wahlenb.Plantago major var. borysthenica Rogow.Plantago major var. brasiliensis Fisch. & C.A.Mey.Plantago major var. compressiscapa (Opiz) DominPlantago major var. crispa BubelaPlantago major var. crispa Bubela ex FormánekPlantago major var. dentata GrayPlantago major var. desertica Pamp.Plantago major var. dilatata (Opiz) DominPlantago major var. dostalii (Domin) TacikPlantago major var. dumanii LepagePlantago major var. elatior TourletPlantago major var. fastigiata Wimm. & Grab.Plantago major var. flavovirens Pilg.Plantago major var. gigas (H.Lév.) H.Lév.Plantago major var. glaberrima Lej.Plantago major var. glabra Lej.Plantago major var. intermedia (DC.) Pilg.Plantago major var. japonica (Franch. & Sav.) KuntzePlantago major var. jehohlensis (Koidz.) S.H.LiPlantago major var. jehohlensis (Koidz.) S.X.LiPlantago major var. kimurae Yamam.Plantago major var. lanceolata RegelPlantago major var. latifolia RothPlantago major var. luxuriosa LunellPlantago major var. macropoda Pamp.Plantago major var. major
Documented use categories
Medicine
Human food
Animal food
Environmental use
Gene source
Material
These categories describe the kinds of human-use reports attached to the taxon in the source checklist. Multiple categories can coexist; a plant may be recorded as both food and poison, depending on part, preparation and context.
How to interpret this record
Traditional and practical context
Traditional and practical context is preparation-specific. A documented use category is not proof of clinical effectiveness.
Evidence boundary
Evidence must be assessed by exact species, plant part, preparation, route, dose and health question.
Safety boundary
Confirm botanical identity, plant part, route, dose, medicines, allergies, pregnancy, breastfeeding and age before use.
Dataset record and provenance
DatasetWCUPS 2020
LicenceCC BY 4.0
Name sourceIPNI
IPNI / external identifier321286-2
Use codesAF EU GS HF MA ME
Crop wild relativeNo
Contributing checklist sources
Kew Economic Botany CollectionEuropean Red List of Medicinal PlantsUSDA GRINMedicinal Plant Names Services v8.2Useful Plants of New GuineaPlant Resources of South-East AsiaPlant Resources for Tropical AfricaUseful Plant ProjectMalaria and Fever in Latin America
Read the full dataset citation, licence and import methodology →
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Educational index, not a treatment recommendation
The presence of a taxon in this database does not provide a diagnosis, dose, formulation or assurance of safety. Some indexed plants are toxic, regulated, endangered or unsafe in specific life stages.